Magna Carta

A.Word.A.Day with Anu Garg

wsmith@wordsmith.org

Magna carta

PRONUNCIATION:(MAG-nuh KAHR-tuh)

MEANING:noun: A document or a law recognizing basic rights and privileges.

ETYMOLOGY:From Latin magna carta (great charter). After Magna Carta, a charter of political and civil liberties that King John of England was forced to sign on June 15, 1215. It was revised several times over the years, and it became an important symbol, establishing for future generations that there were limits to the royal powers.

USAGE:"A magna carta for industry development recognizing that 'small and medium enterprises are the dominant constituent of the industry' is an absolute necessity."

Integrated Approach Needed For Construction Industry; The Island (Colombo, Sri Lanka); Jun 18, 2008.

A THOUGHT FOR TODAY:Invention requires an excited mind; execution, a calm one. -Johann Peter Eckermann, poet (1792-1854)

The Obama Effect- Will it bring peace to the Middle East?

As one listens to McCain publicly expound his plans for America, one can't help to feel a weary, tired and dog eared undertone lacing the 'straight talk' delivering. Do the American voters feel it too? and what about the rest of the world? do they feel it? does that then explain the 'hurried' flurry of activity behind the scenes from various nations east, west, south and north that have been affected somewhat by the US of A on both the friendly and foe sides of the rail track? the slow realisation that something called change that has been busy behind the scenes is about to rear its head, the inevitability of a dawning change in focus of the US of A's foreign policy after the presidential elections, perhaps the endless question marks posed by the young relatively inexperienced junior senator from Illinois's seeming ascension to the US presidency and his ideas of what the world should be.

Perhaps the sudden importance of the re-emergence of an ultra-confident Putin Russia on the scene with far much potential wealth in natural resources and future world power, the emergence of powers from unlikely billion plus populated nations like China and India whose basic approaches to life in general by applying the cheapest possible technologies after reverse engineering have materialised by leaps and bounds, perhaps by the weakening of the Western economies with no end in immediate sight and the slow grind of high oil prices bringing the west and world to their respective knees. Little Zimbabwe on the other end shows its pride by saying punish us if you may, starve us if you may but the land is ours and the worst that can happen to us is poverty while it tries to pretend away violent elections, the western fear: will this catch on in the minion nations of the rest of the world, this national pride above all.

It was easier in olden times, the then so called empires would simply send an 'explorer' to charm the pants of a weak foreign chief or simply militarily invade someones rich in natural resource land, either way the empires of the west would cart home every raw material of their fancy including humans with little cost to themselves...., those days are long gone as we witness the world effectively ignoring powers such as the US, as we witness the weakening of information gathering by the west on the world impacting on their decision making, we note growing global boldness in world condemnation of old empire style military invasions such as the Bush/Blair Iraq invasion, we see the ease of information gathering by the outside world by manipulating (hacking) online data storage's of the main players while someone sits on a simple computer thousands of miles away, the spread of hitherto privileged technology around the world and the labeling of nations such as Iran and North Korea as being part of the 'axis of evil' due to their possession of this hidden craft of the powers- nuclear technology.

All the time the shifting sands carry us along with them, the inevitability of change looms as it always has, that inevitability that weakened the Inca empire, the Pharaohs of Egypt and such powers of the distant past that did not adapt fast enough to the changes of the world. Change is manifested in Sarkozy in France as he takes over the leadership of Middle East peace initiative through the EU (ref: Mediterranean Union Launches Amid Hopes for Peace Europe ...) , Assad of Syria, Iran, the bold freedom fighters now still 'terrorist' bodies in Palestine and Lebanon, the emerging powerful nation bloc in South America that has successfully eased Cuba out of the US sanctions, the people powers of China and India, the new Oil powers around the world, the inevitable change that is troubling the Brown government, a good man caught up in a 'doable' job at the wrong time, and of course the possibility of Obama becoming the president of the US.

Times are changing and the wise old men and intelligentsia are adapting to it behind the scenes at a frantic pace, all you need to see is the new posturing of Israel, a fundamental player within the Mideast peace, the voting patterns in the United States, the changing of the guard around the world- the new leaders of Latin America ( Colombia's Uribe, Chavez, Lula in Brazil etceteras), the world still has hope after all, peace may come sooner that we anticipate, we live in exciting times, the redistribution of wealth currently taking place is phenomenal, India is riding on a wave of merchantable high IQ's- business world mercenaries as it were cheaper to hire for good quality results, the middle east is swimming in oil money, China's success is built on a dizzying mixture of an empowered law of large numbers, hard work, ambition, control etc, Africa in the meanwhile glows in a new sense of pride and realisation that we are much more than slaves attitude characterised by Tanzania's Kikwete.

The world is changing and its a darn lot harder for the bigger more established brothers to change direction, as per Newtons first law of motion, an object continues to move in the same direction and at the same speed unless compelled by an external force to act otherwise. That external force that's forcing the change in foreign policy in the main powers of the west is that the rest of the world is moving along without them, and how do you rein in a huge ship that no longer depends on you? re-energise unity in the UN? invite more emerging powers to the G8? spread the global love before a massive growing bloc isolates the West? In the meanwhile a surprised and unprepared Ban Kyi Moon struggles at the helm of the United Nations caught in at the vortex of the shifting sands, changing times call for great men, will he rise to the occasion?

We live in exciting times and we are in the midst of an unprecedented changing of the guard in the whole world, a new breed of leadership representative of the current population's thinking, standing still wont save you from the new world order, neither will burying your head in the sand or ignoring the situation, ironically only changing intelligently and with purpose to accommodate the massive changes within us will determine your greatness or smallness. What are you going to do about it?

- By Zagwazatha Kapito

All things must change to something new, to something strange. Henry Wadsworth Longfellow US poet (1807 - 1882).

Malawi Radio Online (Capital Radio Malawi 102.5) - Link below

http://www.capitalradiomalawi.com/daybreak.htm

Daybreak Malawi - An early morning radio prog in Malawi with a complete range of the latest news, views and interviews from across the country. You can now listen to daily recordings of Daybreak Malawi Online and keep abreast with what is going on in Malawi.

Inflation: 'Destroying governments since 1789'

http://www.thisismoney.co.uk/news/article.html?in_article_id=443494&in_page_id=2
William Rees-Mogg,
Mail on Sunday
23 June 2008, 11:39am
Reader comments (5)

One of the best books about inflation is The Great Wave, by David Hackett Fischer. I read it with admiration when it was first published in 1996 and I have been re-reading it now inflation is back.

I have experienced only too much of the recent history of inflation over the past 60 years.
For most of that time I've been reporting on it as a financial journalist. I share Fischer's belief that the best way to study inflation is to study its history. Theoretical economic models do not tell the whole story.

Karl Marx analysed the French Revolution, primarily in terms of class conflict. Yet inflation was a potent revolutionary influence. As Fischer writes: 'From 1789-99 every twist and turn of fortune in the French Revolution was closely tied to movement of prices.'

The French Revolution is usually thought to have begun on July 14, 1789, the day the Paris mob stormed the Bastille. Fischer provides a graph that shows July 14 was also the day on which bread prices peaked in Paris.

Inflation destroyed King Louis XVI, the constitutional monarchy, the Jacobin dictatorship and the Directorate. It brought Napoleon to power, just as the German inflation of the Twenties helped to bring Hitler to power in 1933.

In Britain today the extraordinary swing against Gordon Brown's Government has happened as the price of energy and food are rising and the price of houses falling.

There are parallels between the present inflationary situation and the great inflation that started in the mid-Sixties and ended in the mid-Nineties.

In the Sixties, America was pouring troops and money into Vietnam. When President John F. Kennedy was assassinated, there were only a few thousand Americans in Vietnam. By the time President Lyndon B. Johnson retired in January 1969, there were about 500,000.

President Johnson is praised for his expansion of the American services. Yet he expanded social expenditure and fought a war in South-East Asia without raising taxes to pay for them.

In the past seven years, President George W. Bush has fought wars in Iraq and Afghanistan while cutting taxes. Both wartime presidents have financed their wars by borrowing.

'The rate of American inflation,' as Fischer observes, 'trebled from 1961-66.' The global Bretton Woods system, with its fixed rates and dollar convertibility into gold, could not stand the strain, and was wound up by President Richard Nixon between 1971 and 1973.

There is another parallel between the oil price inflation of 2008 and those of the Seventies. Now we are worrying about a peak in oil production and growing Asian demand, then we were worried about the Organisation of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (Opec) Cartel. But oil prices have surged to unheard-of prices in both periods.

The Seventies was a horrible economic decade, British unionism became militant and successive governments were on a conveyor belt to electoral defeat. British Prime Ministers fell in succession: Harold Wilson in 1970, Ted Heath in 1974, and James Callaghan in 1979.
Inflation only came under control in the Eighties, partly due to Margaret Thatcher, and partly due to Paul Volcker's monetary policies at the US Federal Reserve Board. As inflation was brought under control, the Tories remained in power for 18 years followed by Labour's 11 years to date.

When inflation started to rise in the mid-Sixties, there were few convincing policies for bringing it back under control. The dominant economic doctrinism was Keynesianism, derived from John Maynard Keynes, the most eminent British economist of the early 20th Century. Its guns were all pointing at unemployment, not at inflation.

Only in the Seventies did the alternative doctrine of monetarism, based on the work of a Chicago professor, Milton Friedman, begin to replace Keynesianism as the standard orthodoxy. Friedman believed inflation could be cured only by stabilising the money supply.

Most economists recognise the principle that lies behind the monetarist revolution of the Seventies, but they see that monetarism is dependent on other factors; pure monetarism is almost as hard to maintain as a pure gold standard.

Friedman argued that inflation was a disorder of money, which could only be cured by monetary policies. There is evidence from the gold standard itself that a fixed but gradually rising money supply can provide price stability over very long periods.

Sir Isaac Newton was Master of the Mint in 1717. He reorganised the English currency on the basis of the golden guinea. This gold system had to be suspended during the Napoleonic Wars and in the First World War, but essentially it lasted from 1717 until Britain left the gold standard in 1931. It seems almost incredible that the purchasing power of gold in 1931 was only three per cent below what it had been when Newton created the gold system.

Gold has the advantage that it cannot be created by central bankers, still less by governments seeking re-election. New mined gold provides for industrial use and jewellery, and for some growth. Yet gold gave the world a stable money supply for 200 years.

The modern world might have a more stable economy and far more stable prices if the gold standard had survived. Nevertheless, there is no possibility of recreating it. The modern world does not accept the authority of objective standards.

The gold standard worked so well because it provided a stable monetary base for a growing economy with relatively stable prices and interest rates.

Successful central bankers often mimic in their monetary policy what the gold standard might have done automatically.

Even so, based on history, we can forecast that every major currency in the world will lose at least 90% of its value by 2100. Inflation is here to stay.

KPMG fined £1.5m over fraud failure

http://www.thisismoney.co.uk/investing-and-markets/article.html?in_article_id=443586&in_page_id=3

Robert Lea, Evening Standard
25 June 2008, 9:29am

A £1.5m-a-year high-flying auditor and his firm KPMG have been fingered for failing to spot the massive Independent Insurance fraud, one of the largest financial scandals of the last decade which cost hundreds of jobs and left hundreds of thousands of investors out of pocket.

KPMG and partner Andrew Sayers have been hit with penalties totalling £1.65m for their failure to alert investors to the fraudulent trading of the bosses of what was - before its collapse in 2001 - one of Britain's largest and best-regarded insurance companies.
In a ruling out today from the Accountants Joint Disciplinary Tribunal, KPMG and Sayers were found to have 'seriously' fallen short of their duties as auditors, allowing Independent's subsequentlyconvicted management to hoodwink employees, advisers, financial markets and shareholders.

Independent chief executive Michael Bright was convicted of fraud and sent down last November for seven years. Finance director Dennis Lomas and deputy managing director Philip Condon were jailed for four and three years respectively.
But the role of KPMG in not smoking out Bright's dishonesty has now been laid bare. The tribunal findings reveal that in signing off Independent's 2000 accounts, KPMG gave a clean bill of health for so-called stop-loss reinsurance contracts which hid £105m of losses on escalating claims against the company, instead allowing it to book a £22m profit.
The firm gave the accounts an unqualified audit report, despite having serious reservations about the stop-loss contract being written on uncommercial terms.
Sayers took advice from four fellow partners over whether he should contact the third-party reinsurers over the contract. Only one partner suggested he should, but Sayers ignored his advice and instead relied on Bright's story that the reinsurers had given Independent preferential terms because of long-standing relationships.

The contract was a fiction, and just six weeks after KPMG signed off those accounts in March 2001, Bright resigned. The company went into liquidation the following June.
'KPMG's and Mr Sayers' conduct in relation to the audit of of the stop-loss contract fell seriously below the appropriate standard,' said tribunal chairman Adrian Brunner QC.
'Having identified an apparent lack of commercial rationale for the stop-loss policies and in the knowledge of the highly material effect on the financial statements, an auditor of good standing should not have placed such complete reliance on management representations.'
Sayers remains a partner at KPMG which said it regretted the 'shortcomings' of its audit work.
Two years ago KPMG paid an undisclosed sum in compensation to Independent's liquidators.

WHY THE UK / US HAVE LET ZIMBABWE / MORGAN TSVANGIRAI DOWN?

Sometime back I wrote the article:- MUGABE- All good things must come to an end
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My view of the current Zim scenario confirms to me that the editors of the recent headlines on Sky News and other western TV broadcasts are a little naive, have little understanding of the Zimbabwe mindset or have a hidden agenda.

Mugabe must leave, but it must be left to the Zimbabweans themselves, not foreign entities, that is the principal reason why other African governments will not comment, after all they reason that there have been violent elections in most of the countries of Southern Africa and never were any nations requested to comment, so the nations may be asking 'why now?', as Thabo Mbeki has intimated, other nations can only facilitate discussion, not take sides without totally understanding the total make-up of the current stalemate. And perhaps they will be saying to the choruses of 'Leaders must speak up' that who should we be speaking up for? the Zimbabweans that voted for MDC? the total Zimbabwean people? the displaced white farmers? the UK/ USA/ Australia/ Western world? the line is so thin commenting may seem like participating in the election process.

How is the UK and US propping up Mugabe?

• by shamelessly participating in the local elections of Zimbabwe with diplomats zipping around Zimbabwe trying to prove atrocities committed
• by only supporting one party in the elections rather than taking a neutral role.
• as Mugabe and his cronies may see it, by ganging up on him and Zanu-pf , but losing legitimacy because, Australia, USA etc who have been the loudest so far have links to Great Britain the former colonial master and may be viewed as speaking for like entities who have effectively silenced the Native Indian and Aborigines respectively.
• in direct addition to the last point comes the issue of reminding the Zimbabweans of how they suffered under British sponsored rule (Ian Smith), and reigniting the fervour amongst a significant section of the Zimbabwe nation.
• Why did it take so long to get rid of the Apartheid SA govt.? Where was Australia, USA, UK etc then? supporting the then regime perhaps as most Africans would remember, my point being? Africans don't trust the UK, USA on their actions of the past, the treatment of the HAMAS and FIS elections in the North do not help, Neither does the Equatorial Guinea failed coup plot.
• Perhaps in effect the UK/USA have driven Mugabe and his cronies into a corner mentally, by the sanctions they have faced as a government thus far and the recent verbal hyperbole, in the siege mentality that ensues I hypothesize Mugabe and company see the UK/US as the same 'enemy' they faced that is still after their land and have their reasons for that just or not, they will undoubtedly fight to the very end any party that seems too close to their traditional 'enemy', the same friends they had in the past China, Russia have stood by them, this is more complex than meets the eye or can be explained by an outsider like me but it does not take a rocket scientist to see the UK/ US posturing is hurting the electoral process rather than anything at all.

This will be an interesting one to unravel for Zim itself, I remain committed that for most parts of Africa the western model of Democracy will never work as packaged, we need to model them to suit our culture, our traditions and the level of participation of our people, we need governments of unity or the Tanzanian model of democracy, only through those unity vehicles will we have fundamental policy ownership and continuity especially the all important economic policies and move on from the poverty that now reigns supreme, Mugabe and MDC should roll up their shirts, get greasy and sweaty but only by talking this out, Zimbabweans are intelligent and big enough to sort this matter by themselves, they urgently need to get out of this stalemate without the new president being elected on a 'western sympathy' podium and thus losing respect and legitimacy in the eyes of a significant portion of his subjects, the western world has let down Zimbabwe and Morgan now seems tainted, maybe unfairly so, he in my view has been reduced to a 'liberator' of sorts but not a future president, Zimbabweans will more likely unite around a different new figure other than both Morgan or Bob. but for now Morgans continued pandering for a foreign audience has made him make mistake number one, disregarding the Electoral body in Zim in withdrawing without providing official notice of his withdrawal perhaps handing the presidency to Mugabe on a silver platter, shot himself in the foot for now? lets wait and see....

Robert Mugabe's time is gone but the west has to tone down its rhetoric, we had our Dr Banda, he eventually left after Malawians themselves voted him out, irregardless of government machinery or violence from Malawi Young Pioneers or the notorious 'Youths'. We need Zimbabwe to be strong again, there is so much that the entire region is losing out on with Zimbabwe's current situation, the sooner all the posturing is laid to rest the better for all of Africa, politics is not the key to this one, common sense is.

But then again thats just me rambling my head off, who knows? maybe one day I'll wake up to President Morgan's speech in the UN!

To Be More Than Equal: The Many Lives of Martin R. Delany1812-1885

Explorer
Doctor
Author
Thinker
Trailblazer
First Black Field Officerin the US Army
And Conscience to All

"His was a magnificent life, and yet, how many of us have heard of him?"--W.E.B. DuBois, The Pittsburgh Courier, July 25, 1936.

"Do not fail to meet this most extraordinary and intelligent black man."--President Abraham Lincoln toSecretary of War Edwin Stanton, February 8, 1865

Introduction
Search Index
Time Line
Early Years
Pittsburgh Years
"The North Star" Years
Lost Hope
Abroad
Wartime
Carolina Reconstruction

Moments
Meeting John Brown
Niger Valley Trip
Ohio Mob Attacks
The Ambassador Storms Out
"Extraordinary Man" Says Lincoln
"I Will Never Be Whipped"
"Law Breaking n' Learnin' to Read"
Blacks Riot Against Delany

Bibliography
Ph.D. Dissertations
Martin Delany's Writings
Writings on Martin Delany
Places to Do Research

What Martin Delany Wrote and Thought
Poems

Speeches On:
The Fugitive Slave Law
Black Americans Awaken
Africa's Importance
Self Help

Letters To:
Henry Burnham
Frederick Douglass
William Lloyd Garrison
Oliver Johnson
Edwin Stanton
On Charleston, SC
H.H. Garnet

In "The Mystery"
On Civil Rights
On Culture
A Noble Suicide
"The Mystery's" Goals
On Slavecatchers
President James Polk
On The Constitution

In "The North Star"
On Greed
On Life
On Judge McLean'sFamous Case
On Racism
On Nature
On War
On Liberia
On Youth
In "The Provincial Freeman"
In "The Chatham Planet"
On the Hypocrisy ofWhite Abolitionists
On Black Freemasonry,Introduction
On Black Freemasonry, Part 1
On Black Freemasonry, Part 2
On Black Freemasonry, Part 3

"The Condition, Elevation, Emigration and Destiny of theColored People of the United States"
Introduction
Ch. 1 Europe
Ch. 2 The United States
Ch. 3 Leaving the US
Ch. 4 Prospects in US
Ch. 5 Means of Elevation
Ch. 6 Our Country &Ch. 7 Our Claims
Ch. 8 Warriors
Ch. 9 Our Abilities
Ch. 10 Our Practical Skills
Ch. 11 Educated Classes
Ch. 12 Students
Ch. 13 Looking Back
Ch. 14 Artists
Ch. 15 Farmers
Ch. 16 Voteless Blacks
Ch. 17 Emigrate!
Ch. 18 Go to Liberia?
Ch. 19 Go to Canada?
Ch. 20 The Other Americas?
Ch. 21 Go To Nicaragua?
Ch. 22 Status Quo
Ch. 23 Self Study
Appen. We Go to Africa

"The Origin of Races and Color"
Introduction
Ch. 1 The Origin of Race/Color &Ch. 2 Creation of Man
Ch. 3 Original Man &Ch. 4 Noah's Family
Ch. 5 The Origin of Races
Ch. 6 How Color Begins
Ch. 7 Special Note
Ch. 8 Progress of Races
Ch. 9 Black Race Progress
Ch. 10 Achievements
Ch. 11 Literature
Ch. 12 Religious Polity
Ch. 13 First Gods
Ch. 14 Ancient Wisdom
Ch. 15 Myths of Hesperides
Ch. 16 Garden Serpent
Ch. 17 Ethiopia
Ch. 18 Comparing Cultures

Exploring the Law of Unintended Consequences

http://www.theregister.co.uk/2005/01/21/unintended_consequences/

Unintended consequence - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Marginal Revolution: The Law of Unintended Consequences

Unintended Consequences, by Rob Norton: The Concise Encyclopedia ...

The Law Of Unintended Consequences

The Parable Of Brother Leo

An old legend tells of a French monastery that was well-known throughout Europe because of the extraordinary leadership of a man known only as Brother Leo.

Several monks began a pilgrimage to visit Brother Leo to learn from him. Almost immediately, the monks began to bicker as to who should do various chores. On the third day they met another monk who was also going to the monastery.
This monk never complained or shirked a duty. Whenever the others would fight over a chore, he would gracefully volunteer to do it himself. By the last day, the other monks were following his example, and everyone worked together smoothly.

When they reached the monastery and asked to see Brother Leo, the man who greeted them laughed. "But our brother is among you!" pointing to the fellow who had joined them late in the trip.

Today, many people seek leadership positions not so much for what they can do for others, but for what the position can do for them: status, connections, perks, or future advantages. As a result, they do service primarily as an investment, a way to build an impressive résumé.
The parable about Brother Leo teaches another model of leadership, where leaders are more preoccupied with serving than being followed, with giving than getting, with doing than demanding. It's leadership based on example, not command. It's called servant leadership.

Can you imagine how much better things would be if more politicians, educators, and business executives saw themselves as servant leaders?

Michael Josephson
http://www.charactercounts.org/

CREDIT RATING AGENCIES- TO BLAME FOR THE CREDIT CRUNCH??

EU to regulate credit rating agencies-
By Sean FarrellTuesday, 17 June 2008
http://www.independent.co.uk/news/business/news/eu-to-regulate-credit-rating-agencies-848574.html

Credit rating agencies will face mandatory regulation by the European Union after they failed to spot the risks of structured credit products that triggered the credit crunch.

Moody's, Standard & Poor's and Fitch, which dominate the lightly regulated sector, have been criticised for getting too close to their clients when giving ratings on debt instruments.

Charlie McCreevy, the EU's internal market commissioner, said self-regulation had not worked and that the agencies' voluntary code of conduct was "a toothless wonder". He dismissed the view of national regulators that a beefed-up voluntary approach was the best option.

Tiger at the US Open this weekend

this weekends video highlights:

www.usopen.com/en_US/video/index.html

News Alert: Obama Claims the Democratic Presidential Nomination

By Chris Cillizza washingtonpost.com

Sen. Barack Obama claimed the Democratic nomination for president in a speech in Minnesota tonight -- an historic achievement that for the first time will place an African American at the top of a major political party's ticket.

After months of see-saw battling with his arch Democratic rival, Sen. Hillary Rodham Clinton, ending tonight with Obama and Clinton splitting primaries in Montana and South Dakota, Obama will be immediately thrust into a pitched general election battle with Sen. John McCain (Ariz.), the presumptive Republican nominee.

In speeches by both men tonight, they sought to define the parameters of the contest to come. Obama cast McCain as an insufficient change agent after eight years of George W. Bush's presidency. McCain insisted that Obama represents the wrong kind of change.
In a speech to a raucus crowd at the Xcel Center in St. Paul, Obama declared: "Tonight I can stand here and say that I will be the Democratic nominee for President of the United States."
Obama went on to praise his Democratic opponents as "the most talented, qualified field of individuals ever to run for this office," but he saved special plaudits for Clinton.
He referred to the former first lady as "a leader who inspires millions of Americans with her strength, her courage and her commitment to the causes that brought us here tonight." Obama wasn't done. "Our party and our country are better off because of her, and I am a better candidate for having the honor to compete with Hillary Rodham Clinton," he said.
Obama also made a direct appeal to Clinton supporters, especially women, who may be unhappy about the tenor and the results of the Democratic primary. "At the end of the day we aren't the reason you came out and waited in lines that stretched block after block to make your voice heard," said Obama. "You didn't do that because of me or Senator Clinton or anyone else."
Obama scored his final primary victory in Montana and was quickly endorsed by the state's governor as well as the two Democratic senators. Clinton, meanwhile, claimed a come-from-behind victory in South Dakota, after trailing in the state for weeks.

Clinton, who spoke roughly 30 minutes before Obama at Baruch College in New York City, congratulated the Illinois senator for the "extraordinary race" he ran, although she did not acknowledge he had effectively won the nomination and stressed that "I will be making no decisions tonight" about her future plans.
Clinton repeatedly touted her popular vote strength, noting that she had received nearly 18 million total votes. "Even when the pundits and the naysayers proclaimed week after week that this race was over, you kept on voting," she said to roars from the assembled crowd. She added that her campaign has won the swing states "necessary to get to 270 electoral votes."
Mathematically, there is little debate that Obama is his party's presumptive nominee. As polls closed in Montana at 10 p.m. Eastern time, the Obama campaign rolled out more than two dozen superdelegates -- putting him well above the 2,118 delegates required to become the formal nominee of his party.
Obama had 2,146 total delegates -- 28 more than he needed to cinch the nomination -- according to Associated Press' calculations. Clinton had 1,907 delegates.

McCain, 71, who secured the Republican nomination months ago, sought to begin the general election in earnest in a speech tonight in which he praised Clinton and attacked Obama as the wrong sort of change.
"Senator Clinton has earned great respect for his tenacity and courage," McCain said. "The media often overlooked how compassionately she spoke to the concerns and dreams of millions of Americans, and she deserves a lot more appreciation than she sometimes received." His remarks appeared to be a direct appeal to the many Clinton supporters who have indicated in exit polls that they wouldn't back Obama in the general election.
When it came to Obama, McCain was less complimentary. While he praised the Illinois senator as a "formidable" foe for the fall, McCain described Obama as supporting the wrong kind of change for the country. McCain also rejected Obama's attempts to link the Arizona Republican to President Bush's policies. "He tries to drum it into your minds by constantly repeating it rather than debate honestly the very different directions he and I would take the country," said McCain of Obama's tactic.

For his part, Obama, 46, sought to portray McCain as a political clone of Bush, supporting his stands on the war in Iraq and tax cuts. "While John McCain can legitimately tout moments of independence from his party in the past, such independence has not been the hallmark of his presidential campaign," said Obama.
Obama entered the day roughly 40 delegates away from the magic number of 2,118 necessary to officially secure the nomination. A steady stream of superdelegates announced their support for him throughout the day, however, steadily moving him toward the coveted political goal line. House Majority Whip Jim Clyburn (S.C.), the highest-ranking African American in Congress, declared in endorsing Obama: "Today the process ends."
Even as Clinton pledged to speak with her supporters about what the next step in her campaign should be, there were signs that she was leaving open the possibility of serving as Obama's vice president.
During a conference call with New York members of Congress, Clinton was asked by Rep. Nydia Velasquez to consider accepting the vice presidency in order to ensure that Hispanics turned out in strong numbers for the Democratic ticket.
Clinton responded that she was willing to do "whatever it takes" to elect a Democrat in the fall -- a statement widely interpreted as expressing some level of interest in being named Obama's runningmate against McCain in the fall campaign.
Clinton aides warned, however, that the New York senator had not spent any serious time weighing her political future -- choosing instead to focus on performing as well as possible in the final two primaries of nomination process.
Even if Clinton is interested in the vice presidency, it was not immediately clear that the post would be offered to her. "We don't have a short list or a long list," said senior Obama strategist David Axelrod. "We're coming here tonight to finish the process. It's way too early to talk about that."

Washington Post staff writer Shailagh Murray contributed to this report.

Nkhota kota Beckons/ A tall tale of rice.

The world is experiencing a serious shortage in the supply of rice, some supermarkets in the UK are actually controlling the amounts of lbs (kgs) bought per person! the basics of supply and demand then would dictate this to be a boon for Africa's rice farmers, so when the big buyers come searching and knocking in the village town centres the prices have to reflect the scarcity of the commodity...... in my cuckoo land I would encourage, no, I would force the village farmers in Nkhota kota to pool their various singular harvests together and sell that through a trusted intermediary who would by virtue of the size of product created by the pooling and more plus a better sense of prices make sure the rice farmer in Nkhota kota yields a better return per 'lb', and for this year 2008 lets pretend rice will replace tobacco's status as our main forex earner.

Why did the likes of Rab Processors become so successful? the villager sold locally at local prices whilst they sold internationally in dollar prices in the markets where they could get the best price, top dollar mate! Poor farmer in the village, poor Admarc, they could not survive, their management and business model were not dynamic enough. Does that make Rab Processors bad, definitely not, just good businessmen, they saw the opportunities and seized them, they waited for the country to harvest, they went around the villages and bought produce, the farmer felt more comfortable as they no longer needed to travel far to sell their produce, the buyer came to their village, then after a countrywide exercise what did they then have, the entire country's harvest in their stocks!! The country had done the farming for them and they bought the produce fair and square. Good businessmen. Very Clever.

Imagine if you will the massive middle class in China suddenly eating meat, cereals and all the status foods you can imagine every day. And if anything has to go by the Italy food UN meet of today, in which Mugabe sang praises of his 'land redistribution' programme, and the world does indeed experience severe food or even mild food shortages as forecast, my my!! a whole massive international market waiting to be fed (Dollars!!!), then Africa's food crops/ animals, grown to satisfactory Eurozone specification will be 'green gold' in the next few years, so I prophesise a rush by foreign entities to buy African land, sudden growth in farm numbers and commercial farming, artificial rain where possible, deliberate river diversions, lower unemployment rates, lower crime rates and higher taxation on food crops. So what are we waiting for? lets go farming! all we now need are good rains and constructive deliberate policy to empower the local african farmer to do more than carry just a hoe, we need to mechanise him, make him understand a P & L acount, we need to make him 'more' and he doesnt have to spend 4 years in Bunda Uni for that.

Suddenly it becomes clear why Mugabe is such a pariah to the British political set-up, he disturbed a critical link in the chain of food supply to the motherland, by taking away the land from the British farmer he deprived the British public of a steady guaranteed source of fresh food, Zimbabwe was a solid British farm in Africa, processing units, whole businesses prior to the market shelf were disturbed, the number of cargo flights between Harare and London fell etceteras etceteras, it must have been a multi-million pound loss, it still is for both Zimbabwe and 'Britain'.

Back to Malawi's parliament and they are still bickering and running around in small circles, and the bankers, they'll still only lend to the already rich- history will not be kind to us. Another lost opportunity. Reminds me of an old Queen (Freddie Mercury) song's lyrics- 'I am a great pretender, I pretend too much'.

DNC Lawyers Rule Against Clinton

Sen. Hillary Rodham Clinton stops at Mount Rushmore during a campaign swing through South Dakota. (By Elise Amendola -- Associated Press)

http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2008/05/28/AR2008052803093.html?wpisrc=newsletter
By Shailagh Murray and Karl Vick
Washington Post Staff Writers
Thursday, May 29, 2008; Page A06

Sen. Hillary Rodham Clinton's prospects of persuading Democratic officials to override party rules and recognize all delegates selected in the Florida and Michigan primaries suffered a setback yesterday after lawyers for the party ruled that no more than half of those delegations could be legally recognized.

Democratic National Committee lawyers wrote in a memo that the two states must forfeit at least half of their delegates as punishment for holding primaries earlier than DNC rules allowed. Clinton (N.Y.) prevailed in both contests, although the Democratic candidates had agreed not to campaign in Florida and Michigan, and Sen. Barack Obama removed his name from the Michigan ballot.

The DNC's Rules and Bylaws Committee is scheduled to meet Saturday to make a final determination on Florida and Michigan, which would have collectively awarded 368 convention delegates. But in the memo, party lawyers determined that full restoration, as sought by Clinton, would violate DNC rules, although it did note a loophole that would allow her to carry the challenge to the first day of the Democratic National Convention in late August.

Obama campaign manager David Plouffe told reporters that the senator from Illinois is prepared to forfeit a portion of his delegate lead, as part of a compromise to resolve the Florida and Michigan flap. "We don't think it's fair to seat them fully," Plouffe said of the two delegations. But he added, "We're willing to give some delegates here" in order to put the matter to rest.

If the current delegate tally were to hold, Plouffe said, Obama could pull within about 10 delegates of the 2,026 needed for the nomination, assuming he wins the South Dakota and Montana primaries as expected on Tuesday. The Saturday meeting is likely to increase the threshold, possibly by several dozen delegates, but campaign officials said they are confident that uncommitted superdelegates will quickly move to endorse Obama, pushing him over the finish line as early as Wednesday morning.

Plouffe said the campaign is not stockpiling superdelegates to roll out en masse, as many political observers have speculated. "We announce superdelegates as they commit to us," he said. But he said mid-next week would be "a natural time" for those who have not picked sides to finally break.

Obama is already acting like a general-election candidate. He spent the past three days in New Mexico, Nevada and Colorado -- three states that held Democratic caucuses months ago but that are expected to be swing states in November.

Clinton visited South Dakota yesterday, including a stop at Mount Rushmore. Obama aired a new TV ad in Puerto Rico, which votes Sunday, and will depart Friday on a final three-day swing through Montana and South Dakota. Clinton is expected to spend the weekend in Puerto Rico, the biggest delegate prize of three remaining contests, and where she is favored.

But her best hope for late gains is at the DNC meeting on Saturday. Clinton supporters are organizing a "Count Every Vote" rally outside the meeting site and have bombarded committee members with phone calls and Florida oranges to press their case.

Obama's campaign sent a mass e-mail to supporters yesterday, urging them not to descend on the event. Plouffe said the campaign could easily muster "thousands, if not tens of thousands, of people" to counter Clinton's turnout, but said he wants to avoid an "unhelpful scene at the close of the nomination fight."

DNC lawyers found that the Rules and Bylaws Committee acted within its rights by voiding the Florida and Michigan results, after Michigan moved its primary to Jan. 15 and Florida moved its to Jan. 29. They did so in violation of party rules that called for state parties that did not receive waivers from the DNC to schedule primaries no earlier than Feb. 5.

Speaking to reporters on a morning conference call, senior adviser Harold Ickes refused to rule out a legal challenge if the committee does not rule in Clinton's favor. "That's a bridge to cross when we come to that particular stream," he said.

Clinton also appealed directly to superdelegates. "When the primaries are finished, I expect to lead in the popular vote and in delegates earned by primaries. Ultimately the point of our primary process is to pick our strongest nominee," she wrote in a letter to undeclared superdelegates.

Saturday's pro-Clinton event is being co-organized by the Women Count PAC -- founded by five top Clinton supporters, including longtime friend and fundraiser Susie Tompkins Buell -- and a coalition of disparate other groups working under the umbrella of Count Every Vote '08.

Organizers said that they expect people to come from 26 states for the rally, as well as some major celebrity speakers, and that they are receiving logistical assistance or other support from the pro-Clinton United Federation of Teachers and Emily's List.

Count Every Vote '08 first came together in mid-March to lobby Democratic superdelegates on behalf of Clinton. Allida M. Black, project director and editor of the Eleanor Roosevelt papers at George Washington University, joined with Tompkins Buell to start Women Count PAC two weeks ago. They raised more than $250,000 and used the money to buy newspaper ads, including ones that ran in the New York Times over the weekend calling on female readers to attend Saturday's rally.

Vick reported from the Obama campaign.

The Devil in Crude Oil Prices

An enormous transfer of wealth is going to the countries with energy reserves. There seems to be no stopping the high-flying oil price as it leaps above $130, a price that seemed unlikely just last December. The growth in oil demand will continue to be driven by China and Asia, in spite of the U.S. economic slowdown and recent drop in demand for crude as shown in yesterdays (29/5/08) stats. But so is the wealth coming from the 'little' countries around the world, creating further hardship for the vulnerable rural domiciled especially, destabilising regimes and fanning the mockery that is the cycles of endless bickering in our August house. Does Africa really need multi-democracy? I ask myself alarmingly frequently lately, when we read about how they (them parliamentarians) rarely get anything done except take sides, the sight of mature beings reverting to a stubborn streak I am tempted to call childishness, and the voters peer through the windows...... anyway sidetracked. Come to think of it, parliamenterians do get together- to discuss increasing their pay packet....

The followers that we manufacture out of ourselves means that when the first world is trying to find alternatives to the crude, we sit idly, waiting to fund the new technology cycle by purchasing that technology when the West discovers it, and then the cycle of dependency starts again. Maybe we should invest in local technology with all the Engineering human capital we have graduated from our various colleges and universities since the 60's. Surely there is something we can do rather than wait but where do we get the direction from when these politicians who we know have the capacity of really changing Malawi continue to rip each other apart! With their priorities and therefore every citizens messed up, we have been importing motor vehicles for years on end! do we always have to? we can't do it ourselves? its just technology for Gods sake! No one to invest? maybe our financial institutions are not ambitious enough? maybe with the new cycle of senior management coming in it may be different. Anyways, in the meanwhile the price of crude is on the increase and all budgets and financial forecasts are back to the drawing board. Earnings are skewed, prices will rise, our currency may weaken and cost-push inflation may settle in.

Our efforts should be in the direction of reduction of dependencies, without that we are but just a ship on the high seas being blown hither and dither in the direction of the winds, and this time aren't we definitely caught in the oil winds? What will improve our situation will be answers to the following questions contextualised in reality; Should we anchor? use the sails? jettison some cargo? full steam ahead? back to port ? Decisions need to be made. We are the custodians of the future, its all in our hands, but only with a different type of maturity in our August House to provide forward looking leadership will our fortunes improve as a nation. We may not need to change our politicians per se, that would be too drastic and maybe as much as we would want to disown them they do reflect our society, ahem! but they need, no they MUST re-focus their efforts in large measure. If we cannot discuss a countrys budget to conclusion, how can we run a country? No wonder most are only thinking of themselves, not entirely because they are selfish but because thats where they are most effective, in the small manageable settings they are able to amass enough resources to fix their immediate institutions, their families and themselves individually, we need our our small successes, but the Country? now thats a whole different ball game! its becoming a Horror project......They were able to rebuild after the world wars, we havent had one so it is possible, however without legislative sanity and direction, without the meeting of minds of our politicians, it will take far too much sacrifice . Phew!! Depressing! something positive then,

Man U (Moscow).

Brian

"No one ever attains very eminent success by simply doing what is required of him; it is the amount and excellence of what is over and above the required that determines the greatness of ultimate distinction."Charles Kendall Adams1835-1902, Professor of History and Author

Theft of Metal Soars Around The World. Why?

Theft of metal and a sudden increase in scrap metal merchants with seemingly ready cash to purchase from every willing seller in our neighbourhoods are a common feature recently and also in most countries around the world, images of goods carrying vehicles of all sizes laden with scrap metal coming from every possible village that has a piece of metal scrap is a common spectacle on African roads, as the scrap metal buyers then amass the metal and cargo ship it all to Asia, especially to India and China to satisfy the needs of growing economic powers, in building their new cities, as part of their electronic exports and to satisfy the new found wealth of the the new and massive middle classes with expanses of credit available, the demand for cheap metal to convert is on the rise.

Now why is Africa vulnerable? because there is no legislation governing scrap metal purchase, there is barely enough or no environmental legislation relating to scrap metal, there is no information on prices for the poor villagers desperate to make a 'buck', so here comes reverse quasi exploitation, with the ever far reaching tentacles of globalisation affecting our common man in the African village, albeit without a shred of realisation of his participation therein, that his old metal bed or grounded 'Teba' car will end up in a building in China, or as cable in some remote controlled flying toy Helicopter. Globalisation is in, and how does that affect the insurer as the desperate turn to stealing not only the iron sheet roofing of the bus shelter on our streets but also on our homes and buildings such as churches? An excerpt from the Ecclesiastical, a UK Insurer below indicates the effect so far on just one of the insurers

- Brian

www.ecclesiastical.com/ourproducts/insurance/churchinsurance/church_security/theft_of_metal/index.aspx

Theft of metal on the rise

Driven by demand in China, the international price of copper and lead has broken all records over recent months. Prices for zinc, nickel and aluminium are also at their highest since 1996. This has led to an increase in the theft of copper and other metals in all areas of the country.
Nearly every day we receive claims for theft of external metals from churches. Thefts can cost anything from a few hundred pounds to tens of thousands. Theft of lead, copper and other metals – from roofs, guttering and lightning conductors – is prompted by the rising price of these materials.

It’s not just the cost of replacing the materials that is the problem, thieves have also torn holes in roofs causing them to leak and ripped stonework away from pinnacles and towers.
The thieves get a fraction of the cost for scrap and they’re causing irreparable damage to some of the nation’s most beautiful and sacred buildings.

Further links to scrap metal theft below

Joeschmo's Gears and Grounds: Metal Theft Tied To Asia
Metal Theft Tied To Asia. The New York Times has finally noticed the massive increase in metal theft around the world, which has usually been linked to the ...

[PDF]
Non-Ferrous Metal Theft Project (NFTCC)
File Format: PDF/Adobe Acrobat - View as HTMLNon-Ferrous Metal Theft Reduction. Page - 3 of 7. 2. Background. The theft of non-ferrous metals in South Africa has become a serious problem during ...

Cable theft costs South Africa billions a year
The estimated direct cost of cable theft in South Africa is R500-million a year. ... of copper and the strong demand for the metal, especially from China, ...

Theft Of Metal Soars (from Abingdon Herald)

Theft of Copper and Other Metals - Sculpture Community - Sculpture.net
17 Nov 2007 ... Arising from this, theft of metal objects from public and semi-public places are more .... Location: Adelaide, South Australia.

News - World scrap - Scrap plastic, metal, Paper,Rubber,Electric ...

In U.S., Metal Theft Plagues Troubled Neighborhoods - New York Times

Price Hikes Lead to Rash of Metal Thefts - US News and World Report

China - Israel news : Metal theft and Chinese foreign workers

Theft of metal, theft security
Read Ecclesiastical's advice for church security in order to reduce the risk of metal thefts, particularly bronze church sculptures.

Metal theft - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

International Association of Property Crime Investigators
The theft of metals such as aluminum, brass, copper and platinum is a growing global problem.

news::Copper%20&%20Metal%20Theft

Motor Vehicle Insurance Theft: Catalytic Converters

If you are involved with Motor Insurance take note of a trend that will definitely catch on in other parts of the world soon....- Brian

Drivers warned that catalytic converters are the new car radios - THE INDEPENDENT- Insurance.
http://www.independent.co.uk/money/insurance/drivers-warned-that-catalytic-converters-are-the-new-car-radios-830126.html

Sunday, 18 May 2008

Thieves are increasingly looking to steal catalytic converters from cars, according to http://www.yesinsurance.co.uk/ .

The converters, located on the underside of cars, are part of the exhaust system and remove harmful toxins from the vehicle's emissions. Once they are stolen, they are either sold on to garages as a whole unit or broken up for scrap.

"Catalytic converters are attractive to criminals because they are expensive, easy to access and contain rare metals such as platinum, which have been rocketing in price recently," said Paul Purdy of the online insurance firm. "It's not unusual for a new converter to cost in the region of £1,000."

Four-by-fours are a particular target because most have enough room underneath to get to the exhaust system without having to jack up the vehicle. Thefts usually happen overnight, the insurer explained, so drivers tend to find out what has happened in the morning when they go to start their vehicle.

"While car radios can be a popular target for criminals, catalytic converters now appear to be offering greater returns due to the high value and the fact they are easily accessed," Mr Purdy added.

Where possible, the insurer advises drivers to park in private garages. But if they have to keep their cars on the street, it should be in a well-lit area.
Interesting? Click here to explore further

National Bank of Malawi buys 26% stake in United GeneraI Insurance Company Limited. (Great news!!)

Why is this great news then? Well for a whole host of reasons and especially for the insurance industry itself and the consumer,

• for starters local shareholding is a great thing in itself!! I have always advocated for this and it shows where we are headed with local participation being a sure thing and I believe we will have regulatory minimum local shareholder requirements coming soon...
• the possibility of bancassurance synergies available to the combination are boundless...
• further this has the possibility of amazing changes to interalia the banking approach to insurance payment systems, cross selling, insurance access etceteras imagine if you may selling insurance products to the vast data base of NBM's client portfolio, saucy!! the challenges bring the drool to mind.....great challenge requiring conversion to success, the drug I feed on.
• and it provides a formidable competition base to the Nico General Insurance Company Ltd outfit which hitherto (2007) held a 47% market share (47%!!) in a country with about 10 licensed insurers, the Nico General has a possible bancassurance angle with NBS Bank which at present from a consumer point of view has nt been fully exploited, mined.... but then again with 47% the motivation may not be as urgent.
• the consumer has a choice with two strong local companies that have a serious approach and credible history, not to say the rest of the competition does not.
• Career development for insurance staff in Malawi as a whole is not effectively exploited and with the Zim connection and more may bring a sharing of intellectual capacity which would benefit the consumer and bring much needed vibrancy.
• Whilst we have as an industry touted some products as new on the market, innovation has not been a strong point for the industry and sharing with the general insurance industry in countries with higher insurance penetration and higher level of sophistication in innovation is a great thing
• Great news!! Exciting news!! it takes the boring out of insurance, what next? the capacity of local management is in the driving seat, age old traditions may require unseating, staff may require retraining, consumer expectations may be at an all time high, all great for the Malawi insurance industry, my! my! we live in exciting times....

-Brian

Article by MOSES MICHAEL-PHIRI (5/22/2008) below, The NATION Malawi online

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National Bank of Malawi (NBM) on Tuesday made a landmark acquisition of 26 percent stakes in short-term insurance company United General Insurance Limited (UGI) in a move that means UGI will now be co-owned by NBM and ZimRe Holdings of Zimbabwe which owns 74 percent shareholding.

Before this purchase, UGI was a wholly-owned subsidiary of ZimRe Holdings Plc, a diversified group whose head office is in Harare. In Malawi, apart from holding stakes in UGI, ZimRe also owns Vanguard Life Assurance Company Limited.

Announcing the acquisition, NBM chief executive officer George Partridge said both the bank and UGI have met all necessary regulatory approvals from the Reserve Bank of Malawi (RBM) and the Registrar of Insurance Companies.

Partridge said for NBM, the acquisition is a dream come true as it is in line with the bank’s vision to be successful in the country and the region at large. "The acquisition fits in well within the National Bank’s own vision, mission, diversification and expansion strategy within the financial services industry both local and in the region. "It is also one step further in our quest to become a near universal bank by offering a one stop shop of financial products in all our service centres," said Partridge. He indicated that it is envisaged that this development and relationship with UGI will be more than that of an equity investor. "We want to be an active investor so as at operational level both NBM and UGI will realise certain synergies. In fact, in future we plan to list this company on the Malawi Stock Exchange," said Partridge.

With this acquisition NBM will now be able to offer affordable packaged financial products and structures such as bank assurance services. In his remarks, Albert Joe Nduna, ZimRe chief executive officer and chairman of UGI, said he was excited that the insurance firm has found a trusted partner that is committed to growth of the company.

"This is the beginning of great things to come between ZimRe and National Bank. ZimRe has been in the Sadc [Southern Africa Development Community] region for the past 24 years and we are a diversified group. We have been looking for a partner to put up a strong relationship in the region and in NBM we have found a strong partner," he said.

NBM has other notable investments in Stockbrokers Malawi Limited (SML) and the Malawi Stock Exchange (MSE).

NBM is owned 51.73 percent by Press Corporation Limited as its majority shareholder, Old Mutual with 24.83 percent, the public 22.03 percent and the employees hold 1.41 percent through the Employee Share Ownership Programme.

How Leaders Handle Failure

From JTK's email

Asked to give an example, from his own experience, of how leaders should manage failure, former President of India, APJ Abdul Kalam at Wharton India Economic forum , Philadelphia , on March 22,2008, had this to say:


Let me tell you about my experience. In 1973 I became the project director of India 's satellite launch vehicle program, commonly called the SLV-3. Our goal was to put India 's "Rohini" satellite into orbit by 1980. I was given funds and human resources -- but was told clearly that by 1980 we had to launch the satellite into space. Thousands of people worked together in scientific and technical teams towards that goal.

By 1979 -- I think the month was August -- we thought we were ready. As the project director, I went to the control center for the launch. At four minutes before the satellite launch, the computer began to go through the checklist of items that needed to be checked. One minute later, the computer program put the launch on hold; the display showed that some control components were not in order. My experts -- I had four or five of them with me -- told me not to worry; they had done their calculations and there was enough reserve fuel. So I bypassed the computer, switched to manual mode, and launched the rocket. In the first stage, everything worked fine. In the second stage, a problem developed. Instead of the satellite going into orbit, the whole rocket system plunged into the Bay of Bengal. It was a big failure.

That day, the chairman of the Indian Space Research Organization, Prof. Satish Dhawan, had called a press conference. The launch was at 7:00 am, and the press conference -- where journalists from around the world were present -- was at 7:45 am at ISRO's satellite launch range in Sriharikota [in Andhra Pradesh in southern India ]. Prof. Dhawan, the leader of the organization, conducted the press conference himself. He took responsibility for the failure -- he said that the team had worked very hard, but that it needed more technological support. He assured the media that in another year, the team would definitely succeed. Now, I was the project director, and it was my failure, but instead, he took responsibility for the failure as chairman of the organization.

The next year, in July 1980, we tried again to launch the satellite -- and this time we succeeded. The whole nation was jubilant. Again, there was a press conference. Prof. Dhawan called me aside and told me, "You conduct the press conference today."

I learned a very important lesson that day. When failure occurred, the leader of the organization owned that failure. When success came, he gave it to his team. The best management lesson I have learned did not come to me from reading a book; it came from that experience

As Obama looks victorious, a desperate Clinton argues on

WASHINGTON — Sen. Hillary Clinton will campaign beyond Tuesday's West Virginia primary and take her fight for the Democratic presidential nomination all the way to the party's convention this summer if she or Sen. Barack Obama hasn't won enough delegates to clinch the party's nomination, her campaign advisers said Friday.
Clinton campaign strategist Geoff Garin and communications director Howard Wolfson, speaking to a breakfast meeting with reporters, repeated recent Clinton campaign assertions that the delegate majority is 2,209 to shoot down speculation that Clinton would drop out of the race after her expected defeat of Obama in West Virginia on Tuesday. Previously, Democrats had said 2,025 delegates would be needed to win, a number Obama is likely to reach on May 20, after the Oregon and Kentucky primaries.

The higher number would include the Michigan and Florida delegations, which have been barred from the Denver convention. Whether any portion of those delegations will be allowed will be discussed at a meeting of the Democratic National Committee rules committee scheduled for May 31.

The campaign's position comes as Obama's support among superdelegates — party officials and insiders who can vote however they choose — rises. Obama's aides said Friday that he'd picked up the support of eight new superdelegates, including one who'd supported Clinton.
Clinton also is lagging in the pledged delegate count and is short on campaign cash. Still, her advisers laid out a strategy in which her path to the nomination depends on wooing working-class, rural whites and seniors and pushing for the seating of delegates from Michigan and Florida. Those delegates were banned after their states defied party rules and moved up their primaries.

"Senator Clinton does far better with blue-collar voters, working-class voters in general," Garin said. "Historically, those have been the key swing voters in the general elections, and we believe that the evidence is clear that Senator Clinton is the better candidate to win those votes for the Democratic Party in November."

Clinton was more direct about her approach in an interview Thursday with USA Today.
"I have a much broader base to build a winning coalition on," she told the paper.
Then Clinton referred to an Associated Press article, saying it "found how Senator Obama's support among working, hard-working Americans, white Americans, is weakening, and how whites in (North Carolina and Indiana) who had not completed college were supporting me."
At Friday's breakfast meeting, Garin and Wolfson suggested that Clinton's appeal to so-called "downscale Democrats" would give her longer coattails for congressional Democrats to ride on than Obama would.

They presented handouts that suggested that 20 freshman Democrats in Republican-leaning districts would have a better shot at re-election if Clinton were the nominee because she won 16 of the 20 districts during the primaries. "We believe the evidence is that Senator Clinton can do more to help Democrats win a bigger majority in 2008," Garin said. Clinton's brain trust continued to try to raise doubts about Obama's electability in the general election, pointing out that Clinton won big swing states such as Ohio, Pennsylvania, Michigan and Florida. Wolfson aimed to set the bar high in West Virginia for Obama. "What is the basis for the so-called presumptive nominee not competing in a state that would be a key swing state," Wolfson said. "If Senator Clinton wins West Virginia by 15 points after magazines, papers, television have declared him the nominee, what does that say about Senator Obama's ability to compete in states like West Virginia that we will need in our column? It's a problem that Senator Obama has essentially conceded the state." But not everyone was buying the Clinton campaign's logic. Clinton suffered a major defection Friday when superdelegate Rep. Donald Payne of New Jersey, a former chairman of the Congressional Black Caucus, switched his endorsement from Clinton to Obama. "After careful consideration, I have reached the conclusion that Barack Obama can best bring about the change that our country so desperately wants and needs," Payne said in a written statement. "He embodies the American ideals of hope, optimism and the ability to take on tough challenges in order to solve difficult problems." Wolfson said he didn't expect other members of the black caucus who supported Clinton to switch, but he added that "people are obviously free to exercise their conscience and support the candidate of their choice."
Clinton maintained a busy campaign schedule Friday, stumping in Portland, Ore., and Louisville, Ky. She's scheduled to attend a Mother's Day event in New York on Saturday.

Obama, meanwhile, was sounding more and more like a candidate who's looking toward accepting his party's presidential nomination this summer in Denver.
In a speech in Beaverton, Ore., on Friday, Obama didn't mention Clinton at all.
"There will be real differences on the ballot in November," Obama said in prepared remarks. "I believe it's time for Washington to work for your hopes, your dreams. And that's what I'll do every day as president of the United States."

McClatchy Newspapers 2008